Babel

Doom
The Tower of Babel is a level (E2M8: Tower of Babel (Doom)) in the second episode of the original Doom. While there is no direct lore explaining its name. It is notable that it 'magically builds' itself on Deimos as the player beats each level. It is from the tower, that the the Marine fights a Cyberdemon and then rappels down to the surface of Hell (for the third Episode).

Doom 2016
This level appears again in the 2016 Doom as unlockable Classic Map called "Doom - Tower of Babel." The enemies are replaced with their updated equivalents, and combat uses the game mechanics of the Doom reboot. A unique variant of the 2016 Cyberdemon is used rather than the boss version encountered in the campaign. There is no lore tied to the level, it is simply unlocked by finding the Classic Map Lever in Lazarus Labs to unlock the mini-area, opening up a small section of the classic map bleeding into the scenery.

Art of Doom
''The first Project Lazarus Tethering Operation (MTC 2146/385 ) retrieved a small compendium from the Umbral Plains in the crypt of a destroyed tower of unknown construction (artifact reference PL E2M8). This "vade mecum" was mostly illegible, but it did contain one of the rare references to the Aranea Imperatrix - a mystical demon that is still largely unknown.''

The reference to the 'destroyed tower of unknown construction' and 'E2M8' appears to be yet another reference to E2M8: Tower of Babel (Doom) level. Further more 'unknown construction' seems to suggest the know it is not 'demon or human' made (thus possibly making it an early reference to Makr's built "Citadel" in Doom Eternal).

Art of Doom Eternal
Babel is mentioned in the The Art of Doom Eternal as a former location in Hell: it is unclear what the nature of this location was, though it may be intended to reference the original Doom's Tower of Babel level (E2M8).

The book describes an Archdemon, Erebus, one of the lieutenants who rules over one of the inner circles of Hell. He rules over the Spire City of Dis, risen from the ruins of Babel. Near it are other inner circles, with locations called "Deathlands" and the "Slough of Torment".

Tyrants are described in the artbook as the Demon Lords of the Black Soul Pits of Babel. They have long served as wardens and slavers of the infernal pits.

An illustration of the main tower of the Maykr-built facility in Nekravol as "Tower of Babel," (other illustrations refer to the interior of the tower as "Hell Tower - Interior/Exterior" and "Soul Extraction," and the surrounding wall as the "Hell Gate" and "Tower Entrance", and it describes a structure just outside the tower as Soul Pit). In-game, the only name given to this tower is the "Citadel."

As this information is only present outside the game, it is unclear to what extent it is part of the series lore.

Trivia

 * The main tower of Nekravol is visually based on a number of classic illustrations of the Biblical Tower of Babel, particularly Pieter Bruegel's The Tower of Babel series and Athanasius Kircher's Turris Babel.
 * The "Tower of Babel Lithograph" was given out as a award by Bethesda's Slayer's Club to 1000 individuals.
 * The demonic emblem on the front of the Tower of Babel in the artwork appears to be a reworked image of the symbol in Doom 64, and appears on the Unmaker keys in Doom 64.